Designação

SAL(H)INA - História do sal – natureza e Meio Ambiente – Secs. XV a XIX

Unidade de I&D da FCT

IHM-UP - Instituto de História Moderna da Universidade do Porto

Entidade(s) financiadora(s)

FCT (POCTI/HAR/56381/2004)

Investigador responsável

Inês Amorim

Área científica

História

Palavras-chave

sal, salina, história da paisagem, tecnologia da produção do sal

Data de início

2005 (Outubro)

Data de conclusão

2008 (Outubro)

Investigadores

Maria Inês Ferreira de Amorim Brandão da Silva; Maria de Fátima Lopes Alves; Nicole Françoise Devy-Vareta; Ana Margarida Tavares dos Santos Ferreira; Amândio Jorge Morais Barros; Fernando Miguel Moreira Nogueira; Álvaro Francisco Rodrigues Garrido; João Carlos Garcia; Filomena Maria Cardoso Pedrosa F Martins

Instituições colaboradoras

Universidade de Bari ; Universidade de Lille; Musée des Marais Salants em Baltz-sur-Mer, na Bretanha

URL

http://www.ihm-up.com

Resumo

Objectivos:

Responder a questões colocadas por especialistas da área do ambiente, pelos produtores de sal e pela sociedade, analisando:

. a diversidade biológica, o ambiente físico e d paisagem;

. a preservação da herança cultural;

. o desenvolvimento local (produção industrial, turismo cultural, museologia).

O projecto procura:

. responder às exigências actuais do conhecimento dos processos tradicionais de produção do sal, conhecendo os processos técnicos ancestrais como símbolo de qualidade, contribuindo para a revalorização das práticas tradicionais da exploração de recursos naturais;

. contribuir para um conhecimento diacrónico do ordenamento do território salícola e das suas implicações na evolução da paisagem produtiva, reconstituindo as etapas evolutivas do salgado e a sua memória;

. apontar às entidades políticas índices históricos a considerar aquando de iniciativas de intervenção na paisagem.

Corresponde a solicitações:

. de autarquias, que lidam com processos de desaparecimento de salinas ou tendencial perda de produtividade, e os consequentes problemas de ordem sócio-económica (desemprego de marnotos), ambiental (substituição de espaços salícolas por espaços pantanosos) e cultural (perda de herança e património cultural);

. de proprietários de salinas que procuram assegurar a prossecução da produção, examinando os factores históricos de desagregação, tentando identificar os factores de desenvolvimento salícola e as alterações diacrónicas;

. da sociedade local, que conserva na memória a paisagem com que se identifica e cuja salvaguarda exige;

. da comunidade europeia, que apoiou o projecto ALAS (www.alas.gr; www.aegean.gr/alas/general.htm).

Abstract

The main goal of the project is an attempt of answering questions already raised by environment specialists, salt producers (marnotos and landlords) and the whole of community: - the biological diversity, the physical environment and landscape; - the preservation of a cultural heritage;- the local development (industrial production, cultural tourism and museology). The project seeks to: a.- Respond to the actual needs of knowledge of the traditional techniques of salt production (understanding traditional salt as a commercial asset), recognizing ancestral technical achievements (traditional know- how), as a symbol of quality. b. Contribute to the valorisation of traditional skills and empirical d. Contribute to a diachronically knowledge of salt territorial planning and its implications on the salt landscape evolution. e. Reconstruct the memory, which identifies the salt as a cultural heritage. f. Advise political entities on decisions concerning landscape intervention. The project does not emerge isolated, since corresponds to the growing social and scientific community demands of:- Local authorities facing the extinction of salt sites, loss of productivity, social economic problems (unemployment), environmental problems (growing marshland), cultural problems (loss of cultural and patrimonial heritage).- Saline owners which try to continue a sustainable salt exploitation- Local society trying to preserve the salt memory - European community whose expectations are revealed by supporting projects such as ALAS (www.alas.gr; www.aegean.gr/alas/general.htm).

Referência(s) bibliográfica(s)

CD-rom: I Seminário Internacional sobre o sal português, Porto, IHM-UP, 2005

SAL(H)INA - História do sal – natureza e Meio Ambiente – Secs. XV a XIX

Expected products

. a glossary

. an atlas

. a metrology table

. a handbook on traditional salt production techniques evolution

. a saline register : toponimy and owners

. a book about cartographic and iconographic saline representations (Productive and contemplative Aesthetic)

. a guide concerning cultural heritage and eco-museum

.international meeting on Salt History, Nature and Environment from 15th to 19th century (Geo-history of salt landscape)

. publication of the proceedings of the International Meeting on Salt History, Nature and Environment.

I SEMINÁRIO INTERNACIONAL SOBRE O SAL PORTUGUÊS

1st INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON THE SALT INDUSTRY IN PORTUGAL

27 a 29 de Maio de 2004, Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto, Universidade de Aveiro e Museu Marítimo de Ílhavo IHM-UP

Fundamentation

Factors that define the objectives of the meeting: scientific and social factors that sought to: 

. congregate and create programmes and projects to encourage and revitalize a multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary scientific knowledge, promoting solutions to preserve the heritage associated to the salt production;

. identify traditional and empirical practices of natural resources exploitation, adding new scientific knowledge, reviving the social, economic and environmental aspects of those activities.

Characteristics

1. Transverse chronological study (Classical Antiquity to the 21st century).

2. Multidisciplinary research (History, Social Environment, Biology, Chemistry, Geography, Cartography, Archaeology, Museology).

3.National and international geographical contacts associated with a common historical past (Portugal: Aveiro, Porto, Coimbra, Figueira da Foz, Lisbon; and Spain, France, Italy, Sweden, Holland, Russia).

Basic conclusions (susceptible to consolidate and justify future projects)

1. The importance of salt exploration in the preservation of ecosystems (fauna and flora) and an ecological balance;

2. Evaluation and study of past situations that may contribute, presently and in future, to the application of sustainable policies through the exploration of salt, as well as medicinal, tourist and other potential uses of salt pans.

Organizational conclusions

1. Organization of a seminar in the University of Algarve (2006).

2. Creation of an ASSOCIATION FOR THE STUDY OF THE PORTUGUESE SALT.

3. Creation of an OBSERVATORY OF THE PORTUGUESE SALT.

4. Organization of specific courses (Summer Courses).

Scientific conclusions

1. Elaboration of transverse projects (chronological scientific research):

. geo-morphological evolution of the salt production areas;

. identification of productive areas – saltpans – toponymic study;

. evolution of climatic conditions and consequent impact in the variation of salt production.

. public and private exploration of the Portuguese salt:

. organisational work systems;

. evolution of production techniques (tradition and innovation);

. evolution of commercial systems;

. concepts of commercial monopoly – space and time variation;

. metrological diversity (fiscal system);

. segmentation of the market;

. evolution of the history of science - the "quality of the Portuguese salt". Salt analysis methodologies and history of chemistry and biology.

2. Constitution of documental collections - special focus on the collection of endangered oral and written testimonies (constitution of an Oral History Archive).

3. Construction of cartography of the Portuguese salt production areas.

4. Publication of a metrological study and a lexicon of the Portuguese salt.

5. Publication of a History of the Portuguese Salt.

Final product

Publication of the Seminar Proceedings.